to cut to the quick

rĕ-sĕco, cŭi, ctum (resecavi, Symm. Ep. 10, 73:

resecata,

Eum. Grat. Act. ad Const. 11 fin.), 1, v. a., to cut loose, cut off (class.; esp. in the trop. signif.; cf. praecido).

Lit.:

ut linguae scalpello resectae liberarentur,

Cic. Div. 2, 46, 96:

os,

id. Leg. 2, 22, 55:

palpebras,

id. Pis. 19, 43:

enodes truncos,

Verg. G. 2, 78:

radices,

Ov. M. 7, 264:

longos ferro capillos,

id. ib. 11, 182:

de tergore partem Exiguam,

id. ib. 8, 650:

barba resecta,

id. Tr. 4, 10, 58:

alas,

id. R. Am. 701:

extremam partem ipsius unguis ad vivum,

to the quick, Col. 6, 12, 3; 5, 9, 15:

ungues,

Val. Max. 3, 2, 15.—

Trop., to cut off, curtail; to check, stop, restrain:

quod aiunt, nimia resecari oportere, naturalia relinqui (shortly after, circumcidere and amputare),

Cic. Tusc. 4, 26, 57; cf. id. ib. 4, 20, 46:

quae resecanda erunt, non patiar ad perniciem civitatis manere,

id. Cat. 2, 5, 11:

libidinem,

id. Att. 1, 18, 2:

audacias et libidines,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 89, § 208:

crimina quaedam cum primā barbā,

Juv. 8, 166:

spatio brevi Spem longam reseces,

Hor. C. 1, 11, 7; cf.:

haec (dicta),

Plin. Ep. 2, 5, 4; Juv. 8, 166:

neque id ad vivum reseco, ut illi qui haec subtilius disserunt,

i. e. nor do I take this in too strict a sense, Cic. Lael. 5, 18 (v. supra, I.):

de vivo aliquid erat resecandum,

was to be cut from the quick, id. Verr. 2, 3, 50, § 118.

vīvus, a, um ( sup. vivissimus, cited without example by Fest. p. 379 Müll.), adj. [vivo], alive, living, that has life.

Lit.

Adj.

Of living beings:

qui cum tantum ausus sit ustor pro mortuo, quid signifer pro vivo non esset ausus? In curiam potissimum abjecit, ut eam mortuus incenderet, quam vivus everterat,

Cic. Mil. 33, 90:

quorum (simulacrorum) contexta viminibus membra vivis hominibus complent,

Caes. B. G. 6, 16:

adeo ut Cato vix vivus effugeret,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 15; id. Verr. 2, 2, 77, § 189; 2, 4, 40, § 87:

si Jugurtham vivom aut necatum sibi tradidisset,

Sall. J. 61, 5:

doctus eris vivam (gallinam) musto mersare Falerno,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 19:

quamquam ea Tatio sic erant descripta vivo, tamen eo interfecto multo etiam magis, etc.,

in the lifetime of Tatius, Cic. Rep. 2, 8, 14:

tantum illo vivo,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 21 fin.:

cum leges duo ex unā familiā, vivo utroque, magistratus creari vetarent,

Caes. B. G. 7, 33; cf.

also: Cato affirmat, se vivo illum non triumphaturum,

as long as he lived, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 2; so,

me vivo,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 15; id. Most. 1, 3, 73:

vivā me,

id. Bacch. 3, 4, 17.—So the phrase vivus vidensque, before his very eyes:

huic acerbissimum vivo videntique funus ducitur,

Cic. Quint. 15, 50; cf.:

ille Cyprius miser... vivus (ut aiunt) est et videns cum victu ac vestitu suo publicatus,

id. Sest. 27, 59; cf.:

et prudens sciens, Vivos vidensque pereo,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 28.— Subst.: vīvus, i, m., a living man:

cum is, cui forma mortui, fortunae vivi commendatae sunt, ignominiā mortuum, inopiā vivum adfecerit, is inter honestos homines atque adeo inter vivos numerabitur?

Cic. Rosc. Am. 39, 113. —

Of things concr. and abstr.:

saepes,

Col. 11, 3, 3:

caespes,

Ov. M. 4, 301:

harundo,

id. ib. 13, 891:

virga,

id. ib. 4, 744:

radix,

id. ib. 14, 713:

aqua,

running, Varr. L. L. 5, § 123 Müll.; so,

flumen,

Liv. 1, 45; Verg. A. 2, 719:

lacus,

id. G. 2, 469:

ros,

fresh, Ov. F. 4, 778:

lucernae,

burning, Hor. C. 3, 21, 23:

lapis,

flint, Plin. 36, 19, 30, § 138:

sulphur,

native, id. 35, 15, 50, § 175:

linum,

asbestos-cloth, id. 19, 1, 4, § 19; Cels. 5, 18, 13:

calx,

unslacked, Vitr. 8, 7; Plin. 29, 3, 11, § 51:

saxum,

living, natural, unwrought, Verg. A. 1, 167:

pumex,

Ov. F. 2, 315:

argentum,

quicksilver, mercury, Plin. 33, 6, 32, § 99: vultus, i. e. alive with expression, or, as we say, speaking, Verg. A. 6, 848.—So of statues and images:

vidi artes veterumque manus variisque metalla viva modis,

Stat. S. 1, 3, 48: vox, living, i. e. oral discourse, Cic. Agr. 2, 2, 4; Quint. 2, 2, 8; Sen. Ep. 6, 4; 33, 9; Plin. Ep. 2, 3, 9 al.: cujus facta viva nunc vigent, living, Naev. ap. Gell. 6, 8, 5:

animus,

lively, Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 17:

pectus,

Arn. 3, 6.—

Subst.: vīvum, i, n., lit., that which is alive; hence,

Ad vivum resecare, to cut to the quick, cut very deep:

extrema pars ipsius unguis ad vivum resecatur,

Col. 6, 12, 3 (cf. in the adj.:

vulnera circumcidere ad vivas usque partes,

Plin. 28, 10, 43, § 156):

calor ad vivum adveniens,

Liv. 22, 17, 2.— Trop.:

hoc primum sentio, nisi in bonis amicitiam esse non posse: neque id ad vivum reseco, ut illi, qui haec subtilius disserunt,

i. e. I do not wish to be understood in too strict a sense, Cic. Lael. 5, 18.—

De vivo detrahere or resecare aliquid, to give or take away from the capital:

dat de lucro: nihil detraxit de vivo,

Cic. Fl. 37, 91:

de vivo igitur erat aliquid resecandum, ut esset, unde, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 50, § 118.—

Transf., lively, ardent (only post-Aug. and very rare):

vivus et ingenuus animus,

Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 17:

vivi pectoris homo,

Arn. 3, 103.— Adv.: vīvē, in a lively manner, very:

vive sapis,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 100 Jacob. (dub.).

vīvus, a, um ( sup. vivissimus, cited without example by Fest. p. 379 Müll.), adj. [vivo], alive, living, that has life.

Lit.

Adj.

Of living beings:

qui cum tantum ausus sit ustor pro mortuo, quid signifer pro vivo non esset ausus? In curiam potissimum abjecit, ut eam mortuus incenderet, quam vivus everterat,

Cic. Mil. 33, 90:

quorum (simulacrorum) contexta viminibus membra vivis hominibus complent,

Caes. B. G. 6, 16:

adeo ut Cato vix vivus effugeret,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 15; id. Verr. 2, 2, 77, § 189; 2, 4, 40, § 87:

si Jugurtham vivom aut necatum sibi tradidisset,

Sall. J. 61, 5:

doctus eris vivam (gallinam) musto mersare Falerno,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 19:

quamquam ea Tatio sic erant descripta vivo, tamen eo interfecto multo etiam magis, etc.,

in the lifetime of Tatius, Cic. Rep. 2, 8, 14:

tantum illo vivo,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 21 fin.:

cum leges duo ex unā familiā, vivo utroque, magistratus creari vetarent,

Caes. B. G. 7, 33; cf.

also: Cato affirmat, se vivo illum non triumphaturum,

as long as he lived, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 2; so,

me vivo,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 15; id. Most. 1, 3, 73:

vivā me,

id. Bacch. 3, 4, 17.—So the phrase vivus vidensque, before his very eyes:

huic acerbissimum vivo videntique funus ducitur,

Cic. Quint. 15, 50; cf.:

ille Cyprius miser... vivus (ut aiunt) est et videns cum victu ac vestitu suo publicatus,

id. Sest. 27, 59; cf.:

et prudens sciens, Vivos vidensque pereo,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 28.— Subst.: vīvus, i, m., a living man:

cum is, cui forma mortui, fortunae vivi commendatae sunt, ignominiā mortuum, inopiā vivum adfecerit, is inter honestos homines atque adeo inter vivos numerabitur?

Cic. Rosc. Am. 39, 113. —

Of things concr. and abstr.:

saepes,

Col. 11, 3, 3:

caespes,

Ov. M. 4, 301:

harundo,

id. ib. 13, 891:

virga,

id. ib. 4, 744:

radix,

id. ib. 14, 713:

aqua,

running, Varr. L. L. 5, § 123 Müll.; so,

flumen,

Liv. 1, 45; Verg. A. 2, 719:

lacus,

id. G. 2, 469:

ros,

fresh, Ov. F. 4, 778:

lucernae,

burning, Hor. C. 3, 21, 23:

lapis,

flint, Plin. 36, 19, 30, § 138:

sulphur,

native, id. 35, 15, 50, § 175:

linum,

asbestos-cloth, id. 19, 1, 4, § 19; Cels. 5, 18, 13:

calx,

unslacked, Vitr. 8, 7; Plin. 29, 3, 11, § 51:

saxum,

living, natural, unwrought, Verg. A. 1, 167:

pumex,

Ov. F. 2, 315:

argentum,

quicksilver, mercury, Plin. 33, 6, 32, § 99: vultus, i. e. alive with expression, or, as we say, speaking, Verg. A. 6, 848.—So of statues and images:

vidi artes veterumque manus variisque metalla viva modis,

Stat. S. 1, 3, 48: vox, living, i. e. oral discourse, Cic. Agr. 2, 2, 4; Quint. 2, 2, 8; Sen. Ep. 6, 4; 33, 9; Plin. Ep. 2, 3, 9 al.: cujus facta viva nunc vigent, living, Naev. ap. Gell. 6, 8, 5:

animus,

lively, Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 17:

pectus,

Arn. 3, 6.—

Subst.: vīvum, i, n., lit., that which is alive; hence,

Ad vivum resecare, to cut to the quick, cut very deep:

extrema pars ipsius unguis ad vivum resecatur,

Col. 6, 12, 3 (cf. in the adj.:

vulnera circumcidere ad vivas usque partes,

Plin. 28, 10, 43, § 156):

calor ad vivum adveniens,

Liv. 22, 17, 2.— Trop.:

hoc primum sentio, nisi in bonis amicitiam esse non posse: neque id ad vivum reseco, ut illi, qui haec subtilius disserunt,

i. e. I do not wish to be understood in too strict a sense, Cic. Lael. 5, 18.—

De vivo detrahere or resecare aliquid, to give or take away from the capital:

dat de lucro: nihil detraxit de vivo,

Cic. Fl. 37, 91:

de vivo igitur erat aliquid resecandum, ut esset, unde, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 50, § 118.—

Transf., lively, ardent (only post-Aug. and very rare):

vivus et ingenuus animus,

Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 17:

vivi pectoris homo,

Arn. 3, 103.— Adv.: vīvē, in a lively manner, very:

vive sapis,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 100 Jacob. (dub.).

vīvus, a, um ( sup. vivissimus, cited without example by Fest. p. 379 Müll.), adj. [vivo], alive, living, that has life.

Lit.

Adj.

Of living beings:

qui cum tantum ausus sit ustor pro mortuo, quid signifer pro vivo non esset ausus? In curiam potissimum abjecit, ut eam mortuus incenderet, quam vivus everterat,

Cic. Mil. 33, 90:

quorum (simulacrorum) contexta viminibus membra vivis hominibus complent,

Caes. B. G. 6, 16:

adeo ut Cato vix vivus effugeret,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 15; id. Verr. 2, 2, 77, § 189; 2, 4, 40, § 87:

si Jugurtham vivom aut necatum sibi tradidisset,

Sall. J. 61, 5:

doctus eris vivam (gallinam) musto mersare Falerno,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 19:

quamquam ea Tatio sic erant descripta vivo, tamen eo interfecto multo etiam magis, etc.,

in the lifetime of Tatius, Cic. Rep. 2, 8, 14:

tantum illo vivo,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 21 fin.:

cum leges duo ex unā familiā, vivo utroque, magistratus creari vetarent,

Caes. B. G. 7, 33; cf.

also: Cato affirmat, se vivo illum non triumphaturum,

as long as he lived, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 2; so,

me vivo,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 15; id. Most. 1, 3, 73:

vivā me,

id. Bacch. 3, 4, 17.—So the phrase vivus vidensque, before his very eyes:

huic acerbissimum vivo videntique funus ducitur,

Cic. Quint. 15, 50; cf.:

ille Cyprius miser... vivus (ut aiunt) est et videns cum victu ac vestitu suo publicatus,

id. Sest. 27, 59; cf.:

et prudens sciens, Vivos vidensque pereo,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 28.— Subst.: vīvus, i, m., a living man:

cum is, cui forma mortui, fortunae vivi commendatae sunt, ignominiā mortuum, inopiā vivum adfecerit, is inter honestos homines atque adeo inter vivos numerabitur?

Cic. Rosc. Am. 39, 113. —

Of things concr. and abstr.:

saepes,

Col. 11, 3, 3:

caespes,

Ov. M. 4, 301:

harundo,

id. ib. 13, 891:

virga,

id. ib. 4, 744:

radix,

id. ib. 14, 713:

aqua,

running, Varr. L. L. 5, § 123 Müll.; so,

flumen,

Liv. 1, 45; Verg. A. 2, 719:

lacus,

id. G. 2, 469:

ros,

fresh, Ov. F. 4, 778:

lucernae,

burning, Hor. C. 3, 21, 23:

lapis,

flint, Plin. 36, 19, 30, § 138:

sulphur,

native, id. 35, 15, 50, § 175:

linum,

asbestos-cloth, id. 19, 1, 4, § 19; Cels. 5, 18, 13:

calx,

unslacked, Vitr. 8, 7; Plin. 29, 3, 11, § 51:

saxum,

living, natural, unwrought, Verg. A. 1, 167:

pumex,

Ov. F. 2, 315:

argentum,

quicksilver, mercury, Plin. 33, 6, 32, § 99: vultus, i. e. alive with expression, or, as we say, speaking, Verg. A. 6, 848.—So of statues and images:

vidi artes veterumque manus variisque metalla viva modis,

Stat. S. 1, 3, 48: vox, living, i. e. oral discourse, Cic. Agr. 2, 2, 4; Quint. 2, 2, 8; Sen. Ep. 6, 4; 33, 9; Plin. Ep. 2, 3, 9 al.: cujus facta viva nunc vigent, living, Naev. ap. Gell. 6, 8, 5:

animus,

lively, Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 17:

pectus,

Arn. 3, 6.—

Subst.: vīvum, i, n., lit., that which is alive; hence,

Ad vivum resecare, to cut to the quick, cut very deep:

extrema pars ipsius unguis ad vivum resecatur,

Col. 6, 12, 3 (cf. in the adj.:

vulnera circumcidere ad vivas usque partes,

Plin. 28, 10, 43, § 156):

calor ad vivum adveniens,

Liv. 22, 17, 2.— Trop.:

hoc primum sentio, nisi in bonis amicitiam esse non posse: neque id ad vivum reseco, ut illi, qui haec subtilius disserunt,

i. e. I do not wish to be understood in too strict a sense, Cic. Lael. 5, 18.—

De vivo detrahere or resecare aliquid, to give or take away from the capital:

dat de lucro: nihil detraxit de vivo,

Cic. Fl. 37, 91:

de vivo igitur erat aliquid resecandum, ut esset, unde, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 50, § 118.—

Transf., lively, ardent (only post-Aug. and very rare):

vivus et ingenuus animus,

Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 17:

vivi pectoris homo,

Arn. 3, 103.— Adv.: vīvē, in a lively manner, very:

vive sapis,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 100 Jacob. (dub.).

ălăcer, cris, e, adj. (also in masc. alacris, Enn., v. below; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 13, and Verg. A. 5, 380; cf. Charis. p. 63 P.—In more ancient times, alacer comm.; cf. Serv. ad Verg. A. 6, 685, and 2. acer) [perh. akin to alere = to nourish, and olēre = to grow; cf. Cic. Verr. 1, 6, 17; Auct. ad Her. 2, 19, 29], lively, brisk, quick, eager, active; glad, happy, cheerful (opp. languidus; cf. Doed. Syn. 3, 247, and 4, 450.—In the class. per., esp. in Cicero, with the access. idea of joyous activity).

Lit.

Of men: ignotus juvenum coetus, alternā vice Inibat alacris, Bacchio insultans modo, Enn. ap. Charis. p. 214 P.:

quid tu es tristis? quidve es alacris?

why are you so disturbed? or why so excited? Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 13 ( = incitatus, commotus, Ruhnk.):

videbant Catilinam alacrem atque laetum,

active and joyous, Cic. Mur. 24, 49:

valentes imbecillum, alacres perterritum superare,

id. Cael. 28:

Aman laetus et alacer,

Vulg. Esth. 5, 9:

alacres animo sumus,

are eager in mind, Cic. Fam. 5, 12 fin. Manut.; Verg. A. 6, 685 al.—With ad: alacriores ad reliquum perficiendum, Auct. ad Her. 2, 31:

ad maleficia,

id. ib. 2, 30:

ad bella suscipienda alacer et promptus animus,

Caes. B. G. 3, 19; so Sall. C. 21, 5:

ad rem gerendam,

Nep. Paus. 2, 6.—With super:

alacri corde super omnibus,

Vulg. 3 Reg. 8, 66.—In Sall. once for nimble, active: cum alacribus saltu, cum velocibus cursu certabat, Fragm. 62, p. 248 Gerl.—

Of animals:

equus,

Cic. Div. 33, 73: bestiae, Auct. ad Her. 2, 19. —

Transf., poet., of concrete and abstract things:

alacris voluptas,

a lively pleasure, Verg. E. 5, 58; so, alacres enses, quick, ready to cut, Claud. Eutr. 2, 280:

involant (in pugnam) impetu alacri,

with a spirited, vigorous onset, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 90. — Sup. not used; cf. Charis. 88 P.; Rudd. I. p. 177, n. 48.— Adv.: ălăcrĭter, briskly, eagerly, Amm. 14, 2.— Comp., Just. 1, 6, 10.